Let's Learn About Colombia: Etymology, Demography, Religion and Economy

Colombia is a country officially known as the Republic of Colombia, located in South America and has islands in North America. In the northwest, Panama is surrounded by the Caribbean Sea in the north, Venezuela and Brazil in the east, Ecuador in the south and Peru in the west and the great Ocean in the West. Facial recognition indicates South America's 4 and earth's 26. it's the largest country. The country is divided into 32 departments and the largest city, the Bosotá capital District.

Colombian, with a population of more than 50 million, is one of the most diverse countries in the world in terms of language and ethnicity. Among the countries that speak Spanish, the second most crowded country since Mexico. Native civilizations, European settlers, African slaves and migrants from Europe and the Middle East are the source of the country's rich cultural heritage. The population centers of the country are concentrated on the Andes and the Caribbean coast.

The earliest evidence of human life on Colombian soil today is 12.000 BC. Native cultures such as Cipca, Quimbaya and Tairona are the oldest known civilizations in the region. In 1499, the Spaniards set foot in La Guajira to begin the colonization process. Until the 16 st century, various parts of the region were colonized and the New Granada Kingdom of the capital of Santafé de Bogotá was established. In 1810, independence was declared from the Spanish Empire, the United States of New Granada. The country has previously been tried federal governments such as the Granada Confederation (1858) and the United States of Colombia (1863), but these administrations have not been extended and the Republic of Colombia was established in 1886. With Panama leaving in 1903, Colombia reached its limits today. in 1960, low-intensity armed conflicts and political violence increased in the country, and reached its peak in 1990. since 2005, progress has been made in the areas of security, stability and rule of law, and there has also been an unprecedented period of economic growth and development.

After Brazil, Colombia is the second country in the world with the highest level of biodiversity. The country's lands include many different regions, including Amazon rainforests, mountainous areas, grasslands and deserts. It's the only country in South America that has the shores of both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.

Colombia is a

regional power and has the thi

rd largest economy in South America. Coffee, flowers, emeralds, coal and oil industries are the main sectors of the Colombian economy. The United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is a member of the Organization of the United States, the Pacific Alliance and the Community. He is also a global partner of NATO.

ETYMOLOGY

The name "Colombia" was created by Venezuela's revolutionary Francisco de Miranda. He was sent to his land under the sovereignty of Spain and Portugal.

DEMOGRAPHY

In Colombia, demographics are reviewed by the National Administrative Statistics Department (DANE), an official body connected to the Executive Organization. In 2020, with a population of about 50 million, the United States is the fourth largest country in the United States after Brazil and Mexico. Mexico has the world's largest Spanish speaking population since the United States and Spain. The movement of the rural population toward urban areas and migration abroad has been important. The urban population rose from 28% of the total population in 1938 to 75% in 2005, but in this period, the rural population rose from 6 million to 10 million. Regarding the migration, the National Administrative Statistics Department (DANE) estimates that about 3,3 million Colombians live abroad, especially in the United States, Spain, Chile and Canada. The most likely to emigrate are from the internal regions of the country, and it highlights an important group of intellectuals and talented people who are part of this phenomenon.

According to the National Administrative Statistics Department (DANE), 51,2% of the Colombian population is women and 48,8% are men. 22,6% of the population is under the age of 14; 2019 estimates suggest 68,2% of the population is between 65 and 15 years old and 9,1% over 65 years old.

The population is concentrated on the Andes and Caribbean shores. The nine parts of the eastern plain, comprising about 54% of the Colombian area, have less than 3% of the population and less population density than one person per square kilometer. The movement from rural areas to cities was very intense in the twentieth century, and Colombia is one of the most urban countries in Latin America today. The urban population rose from 31% of the total in 1938 to 60% in 1975, and in 2005, that number rose to 72.7%. Bogota's population has increased slightly more than 300.000. 1938 -- today, about 7 million. In total, thirty cities in the country currently have more than 100.000 people. Colombia has one of the highest displaced human rates in the world, estimated to be about 4,3 million people.

The official language of Colombia is Castilia, but there are about 500.000 native language speakers in the country. There are 101 languages listed in the country, eighty of them are alive, and 21 of them are extinct. Catalan (or Valencia) is spoken by Spanish immigrants. There is also Palenquero, a kreol language spoken by about 2.500 people in Mahates.

According to a DNA genetic study conducted by the University of Brasília (UnB) in 2008, the composition of the Colombian population is: 33,80% domestic contribution, 45,90% European contribution and 20,30% African contribution.

RELIGION

The Colombian Constitution guarantees freedom of faith. Although the Colombian government cannot legally document the religion issue, according to research published in 2012 and 2013, the country's faith distribution is as follows;

57,2% Catholic

13,7% Protestant

6,4% Ateist or agnostic

13,5% unreligious theist

1,8% Jehovah's Witness and Adventist

%1 other

2,2% said he either didn't answer or didn't know.

ECONOMY

Colombia, a historically agricultural economy, 20. it was quickly urbanized in the 20th century. At the end of the century, only 22,7% of workers were working in agriculture and only 11,5% of the country's GDP. 18,7% of workers are employed in industry and 58,5% in services, and 52,5% and 36% of GDP respectively. The country's main trade partners are the United States (the controversial free trade agreement with the United States is currently awaiting approval by the US Congress), Venezuela and China. The balance of all imports, exports and total trade has resulted in record levels, and a significant revaluation of export dollars between the entry and.

Colombian economy 20. In the second half of the century, it grew steadily and gross domestic product (GDP) grew by more than 4% on average between 1970 and 1998 years. The country suffered a recession in 1999 (the first year of the year). Negative growth since the great Depression) and recovery was long and painful. However, growth in recent years has been impressive and is one of the highest growth rates in Latin America, reaching 8.2% in 2007. Meanwhile, the Colombian Stock Exchange has gone from 1.000 points to over 7.300 points in November 2008 since its launch in July 2001.Colombia's nominal GDP was 202,6 billion dollars in 2007, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) estimates (37 of the world. The largest and the fourth largest in South America). The demilitarized purchasing power party (PPP) is in 82 positions in the world, where GDP is US$7968, placing Colombia per capita. However, in practice, this wealth is unevenly distributed among the populations of the country, which are very common in Latin America, scores high in the Colombian Guinea coefficient, and UN figures are 119 across 126 countries. he's putting it in the line. in 2003, 20% of the population had a 62,7% share in income/consumption, while the poorest 20% had a share of only 2,5%.

Government spending accounts for 37,9% of GDP. Almost a quarter of that amount goes to the country's relatively high state debt, estimated in 2007 as 52,8% of GDP. Other problems facing the economy include poor domestic and external demand, the country's pension system's financing and the unemployment rate (10,8% in November 2008). inflation remained relatively low in recent years to 5.5% in 2007

Economic performance was backed by liberal reforms implemented in 1990, and continued during the presidency of Álvaro Uribe, which includes measures aimed at reducing its policy to less than 2,5% of GDP. In 2008, the Heritage Foundation evaluated the Colombian economy as 61.9% free of charge, with a 2.3% increase since 2007, 15 among 29 countries in Central and South America, 67. he put it in the line.